Category: Op-Ed

Taping IPR Benefits for Music Industry

Muhammad Majid Bashir

The earnings generated by the global music business is enormous revenues it generates. According to a research study, the global demand for live Music Market size share valued at approximately USD 34.84 Billion in 2024.

The same has a potential to reach USD 38.58 Billion in 2025 and is likely to grow to a value of around USD 62.59 Billion by 2034, at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 8.78% during the forecast period 2025 to 2034.
A subscription streaming is the key driver of this growth, with an increase of 9.5% whilst users of subscription accounts grew by 10.6% to worth USD 752 million globally. The total revenue in the music market was US $ 1.61m in 2022, just a meagre if we compare it with 2024 revenue mentioned above.
By Working within a highly competitive market, record companies’ long-term investment into the careers of artists, alongside the development and licensing of engaging and exciting ways for fans to experience music, continues to drive the growth of the global market – with every region experiencing an increase in revenue in 2024.
The essential role music plays in so many parts of our lives is evidenced in the continued growth of the global industry.
What is so exciting is that there is still great potential for further development, through innovation, emerging technologies, and investment in both artists and the evolving parts of the growing global music ecosystem.
These positive developments don’t happen by accident. They reflect the brilliant creativity, vision and hard work of artists and songwriters around the globe, powered in part by the work, investment, and passion of record companies and their teams.
In the case of record labels, returning revenues enable them to be patient, long-term, consistent investors in artists, innovation, and culture.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) happens to be a booster for music industry. Recording companies have embraced its potential to enhance artist creativity and develop new and exciting fan experiences. We must harness the potential of AI to support and amplify human creativity, not to replace it.”
The music industry in Pakistan contributes significantly to the country’s Gross domestic product (GDP). According to the Pakistan Economic Survey 2020-2021, the entertainment and cultural sector, which includes the music industry, contributed approximately 1.5% to the country’s GDP.
This indicates the substantial economic potential and impact of the industry on national economic growth with employed over 100,000 individuals in 2019. IP rights provide the framework for protecting musical work.
These rights empower music as a business, giving the opportunity to creators to control the use of their work, receive fair compensation and invest in future projects. Protecting music goes hand in hand with protecting our culture and performing arts.
We have had record coercive social and religious seizures and that’s generated great disrespect for us domestically and globally as during last two decades, no musical concerts and Maga events had been organized by the government.
Musical and cultural growth only come through appreciation and promotion of cultural ties and harmony. Music is a crucial tool for the growth of cultural soft power in Pakistan, thus its difficult to ignore the investment of it. This requires consistent and long term polices of the government for musical industry.
The music industry has a dynamic landscape, constantly evolving with technological advancement and changing consumer preferences.
From streaming services to live performances. IP rights are essential for navigating this complex environment. Musicians and industry professionals must stay informed about the latest development in IP law to effectively manage their creative assets.
Vitality of a nation and the mark it makes on its own people and the world at large is gauged through its cultural activity and momentum. When a nation actively supports and promotes its cultural expressions, it enhances its global presence and influence.
A nation’s cultural expressions, whether through art, music, literature, or other forms, represent its creativity, heritage, values and aspirations. Pakistani music is famous and adores due to its deep rooted cultural melodious in folk, classical, semi-Classical, Ghazal Qawwali, Pop, rock and fusion.
Music industry can be one of the most bankable sectors, if our musical fraternities invent music of universal form of creative expression, adoptability combine with latest technologies toincrease listeners worldwide.
The music industry of Pakistan should remain linked to IP and all other new path emerged during the time and acquired place in the heart of the listeners.
IP rights protect the music and technical inventions of it; such a music mixing to technologies to improve musical instruments and patents paved the way into technological advancements for the benefits of musicians and fan around the world.
The PTV and Radio Pakistan, Local Radio, FM, Cultural and heritage departments of Federal and provincial governments, Lok versa, NBF, and Private and public music archive holders, musical performers, musicians and music brand holders, should ensure they register their Intellectual property rights in Music whether it’s in shape of trade marks, Patents of musical instruments, design of traditional musical instruments, folk music, lyrics of songs, copyrights, catalogue, labels in order to ensure protection.
The protection through IP enables artists to engage with fans through memorabilia and merchandising.
In the way of promotion and protection of musical work through legal battles, musicians and creators can navigate the complexities of IP, from landmark court cases to innovative business strategies exploring how artists can leverage their rights to build legacies, protect their work, and transform challenges into opportunities, whether its reclaiming ownership, adapting to digital shifts, or pioneering new creative path, these narratives highlight the dynamic interplay between music and IP into days global landscape.
The monetary benefits in terms of royalties, are compensation payments for the exploitation of the music and recoding.
This could be from a synchronization license granted by a collective management organization. The legal team of musician can monitor and conduct legal audit under IP regime to protect the rights as well the revenue for the musicians and the country.
The legal support under IP to musicians is compulsory for protection of music rights and to understand music value chain. They need to understand how they can manage their Intellectual creations and their respective rights in the music marketplace to make the best decisions for them as creators.
The authors are starting points of the music industry. A music publisher acting on behalf of authors, ensures that these of the song is done with the respective remuneration and credit ensuring that the creators are rewarded for their creativity.
Amid this discussion, it is important that the IP authorities ensure due recognition of the art and their copy rights so that the intellectual work should not go unpaid.
The IP laws can help people claim their intellectual property rights as all digital platforms give preference to IP which has increased income of the performers or creators.
This is time now to get Pakistani music recognized and monetized over digital music market. The future here is not about updating and iterating music forms,but about the future economy’s friendliness to music and the musicians.

April 29, 2025
Wisdom: The Hidden Superpower for a Meaningful Life

Shanza Shadab

What if I told you that there is a superpower that helps us making authentic choices, understanding people, and living a more meaningful life? Psychology names this superpower as wisdom.

Is being smart, a topper or reading a lot of books enough to define wisdom? The amazing fact is Psychology answers this question “No”. Always taking A’s or being perfect is not the true essence of wisdom. In psychology, wisdom means using both your head and heart to reach good judgments –for yourself and others. It involves deep critical thinking, kindness and understanding life’s ups and downs.

This writing dive into how psychology defines wisdom, why it matters and how we can help children and adults become wiser every day. “Finding the balance between what is good for you, for others and for the world is wisdom” – according to Robert Sternberg. Another expert, Paul Baltes, found wise people see problem from many angles. They accept life is complex, learn from their mistakes and help others with care. Wisdom is not about chronological age or how old someone is. It is about how much we reflect, learn, and think about everyone including ourselves.

Wisdom is about using your knowledge and life experiences in aversive conditions. I deeply want to share the best part that Wisdom is something we can learn and grow at any age. Psychology says wisdom is both inherited and learned. People may be born with a calm or thoughtful personality, which can help them become wise but it’s just the starting point. It means some part of wisdom is influenced by nature (genes), but a big part can be taught, practiced and grown at any age. Wisdom is not about chronological age or how old someone is. It is about how much we reflect, learn, and think about everyone including ourselves.

Researchers have done a lot of experiments. By understanding and applying the key concept of those experiments to practical life helps to develop wisdom. Those mind blowing experiments includes ;

Berlin wisdom project: The core concept of his research is that wisdom is the reflection of real life experiences. We can ask real-life, messy problems to identify a wise person. The wisest answer will come from those who have lived through challenges.

Self-distancing study: When people see their problem in the third person they give calmer and wiser advice. We can make somebody wise at solving his problem without his knowledge. We may ask him about the solution of the similar problem he is facing by relating the problem to somebody else. In this case, we will ask “what Amna should do?”

Wisdom-based counseling: Counseling is not always about healing. It is about growing. Counselors use wisdom therapy to help people grow from pain – not just get over it. Clients reflect on big questions like:

” What did this teach me?” “What did I value most in that situation?”, “How can I use this experiences as a strength?”

This reflection becomes the transformation. These wisdom focused tools help people learn to accept and handle hardships of life without losing hope. It helps them to make peace with past and grow into a self-actualized wise person.

Wisdom and Emotional Intelligence: Psychology says wisdom and emotional intelligence are like best friends. Emotional intelligence (EQ) means recognizing and maintaining your own emotions well. It helps to understand how others feel and handle relationships with care.

Research suggests people with strong emotional intelligent are more likely to be wise. Why this happens? Because they pause, listen, reflect and then act .This is the same what wise people do. We can teach kids or older to name their feelings, understand and talk about them. In this way they make better use of your strengths managing their emotions.

Presently kids are growing up at a fast pace. Wisdom is the need of this advancing society .We should help children grow wiser by letting them learn from their mistakes. Teach them empathy; make them run after excellence not the digital figures or scores. Help them in developing critical thinking by asking questions like” what do you think would happen if …?”Even a small daily moment can grow big life lessons.

“Don’t be shy to learn from someone younger or less experienced than you.”

One of the most beautiful perspectives Psychology teaches us is this “Wisdom is not about age – it’s about attitude.” One stereotyped approach of our society is thinking older means wiser, but it is not always true. It means a young can also be a wise person. He can say something deep wisely. A teenager might teach us what we have forgotten. A quiet student might have insights a teacher never considered. So here is a gentle reminder

“Don’t be shy to learn from someone younger or less experienced than you.” Being humble is real wisdom. Wise man listens and learns from anyone regardless of chronological age concept. We should keep in mind that we all carry pieces of wisdom. When we share and listen with open hearts, we help each other grow. If you find something new in less experienced or in young members do not hesitate to reach out to learn. Appreciate them for their uniqueness and assimilates the best to your knowledge. It will bring closeness and contentment in social aspects.

Appreciating the need for growth, there is a gentle message from one human to another. Please let me allow sharing something very personal: Wisdom is not about being right all the time. It is about being willing to explore. Optimal use of what you have learned how you feel what others feel, reaching good judgments for one and others. It is in understanding the liberal approach to view someone’s thought as a new dimension of your thinking pattern.

Wisdom lies in forgiving, in asking help when needed, in understanding it’s okay to fail and make mistakes. If we learn that life contains a diversity of experiences and we can encounter them in a calm way we are the real wise people. We all need to know all the coping strategies lay within us .We just need to recognize them. The world will become a better place to live in for everyone.

So, let’s raise wiser kids. Let’s become wiser adults. And let’s build a wiser society and global community for delivery without persecution in the larger interest of humanity.

—

The writer is an undergraduate student in Psychology and can be reached at shanzashadab@yahoo.com

April 25, 2025
Autocracy Inc

Muhammad Wajahat Sultan

The rise of autocracy has become a defining challenge for modern democracies. Autocracy in the 21st century is an interconnected global phenomenon. What does it mean? It means autocracy doesn’t function in isolation now.
Nowadays, different autocracies are networked together and function through various mechanisms. Autocratic regimes, despite ideological differences, allied together to resist democratic values. For example, countries like China, Iran and Russia have common goals. Russia is a nationalist state, China is a communist state and Iran is a theocratic state.
All these states differ in ideology but they have a common goal across the globe: to undermine the rule of law, an independent judiciary, independent media and human rights — which threaten their authority. These states not only suppress opposition within their borders but also go hand in hand in coordinating efforts to discredit the democratic allure on the global stage.
Autocracies work slowly and gradually. They penetrate the institutional setup in such a way that people fail to recognise the early signs of autocracy. For example, in Poland, the ruling party’s politicisation of the judiciary initially went unnoticed. Later on, when the judiciary directly impacted public life in matters of abortion rights and corruption scandals, people began to notice the impact. With time, it becomes difficult for citizens to mobilise against autocracy until the damage becomes severe.
The main idea of this piece is that today’s autocracy is more sophisticated. It relies on complex, sophisticated networks that blend kleptocracy, narrative control and global influence. Modern-day autocracies function like global corporations with shared interests. They support each other through businesses, transactions, exchanges, arms trade and cooperation through ideas. In the previous century, autocracies share ideals, as seen in figures like Hitler, Mussolini and Stalin. Nowadays, autocracies share ideas.
In the previous centuries, controlling land was an important tool to control enemies. In modern times, controlling information is a new tool for hegemony, power and control over narratives. Once we all believed that technology would integrate more societies and eventually democracy would prevail. But at the same time, we come to know how certain big autocratic powers can tame technology to stifle dissent and manipulate public opinion.
Autocratic governments have developed sophisticated networks of controlling information, using both propaganda and cutting-edge technology to maintain power, influence and control. An emerging superpower built a Great Firewall to block all kinds of internet access that were deemed threats to their regime. With time, the Great Firewall idea translated into the broader system of surveillance.
These surveillance systems are not just about controlling narratives, but also about predicting and preventing dissent before it happens. Overall, by leveraging technology and global influence networks, major autocratic powers have maintained clout at home and abroad — challenging democratic values.
Modern dictators and autocrats don’t use violence to promote themselves or control opponents. They use sophisticated smear campaigns that target ideas of democracy, as well as the people who promote those ideas. Autocrats don’t just discredit ideas of freedom and democracy. They chase the person who promotes them. They accuse activists of treason and foreign conspirators. They undermine their credibility to isolate them and then neutralise their campaigns for human rights.
Moreover, autocracies pass such laws that ban NGOs and civic organisations. Once again, modern technology — social media, once seen as a liberating force — is now a battleground where state-sponsored campaigns, and bots work to harass activists and crush political campaigns. In short, modern autocracies use more sophisticated technology, interconnected networks and disinformation to undermine democracy globally.

—

The writer is a UET graduate and holds Master’s degrees from Sargodha University and Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad. He can be contacted at wajahatsultan6@gmail.com

April 25, 2025
Jurisprudence: Fuel for Intellectual Insight

Faizan Mohla

Intellectual strength for legal profession is Justice – referred as the philosophy or science of law. Having to understand jurisprudence as a law student is just not an academic need but also a fundamental requirement for a critical thinking process comprehension while studying law.

Knowledge of jurisprudence provides theoretical basis to understand, analyze and apply the laws in practice. Jurisprudence teaches the students how to go beyond the black letter law and get into the “why” about legal systems, principles, and institutions. Therefore, developing critical reasoning skills and forming coherent worldview requires a deeper understanding which is important. In its essence, jurisprudence is an attempt to answer fundamental questions, for instance, what is law? How should law and morality be related? How does law serve the society?

Questions such as these engage students in the study of different schools of thought, including Natural Law, Legal Positivism, Historical Jurisprudence, Sociological Jurisprudence and Realism. Each school presents unique perspectives. For example, Natural Law theorists Thomas Aquinas emphasize the inherent connection between law and moral principles; whereas Legal Positivists H.L.A. Hart argue that law is a human authority’s creation and should not be understood independently of morality.

Besides, studying jurisprudence helps law students understand the dynamic nature of law. Legal systems are not fixed; they change according to the changes in the society, political ideology and technological developments. Tools are offered by Jurisprudence to evaluate in which direction law should respond to present challenges such as digital privacy, climate justice, gender equality, and global governance. It asks students to inquire if the existing laws are adequate and suggest reforms based on justice, equity, and reason.

Jurisprudence hones analytical capacities that are fundamental to legal practice. Through discussion of abstract legal principles and complicated arguments, students become adept at interpreting statutes, spotting inconsistencies, and developing convincing legal arguments. It also teaches them to think from more than one perspective, a key competence in advocacy, policymaking, and judging. Familiarity with jurisprudence also develops intellectual humility—a sense that law, as a human institution, is imperfect and needs to be constantly questioned and improved.

In law school education, jurisprudence fills the gap between intellectual knowledge and concrete application. Though case law and statutes give us the material rules, jurisprudence develops one’s capacity for critical analysis of those rules and to imagine a more equitable system of law. It makes one go from an ordinary provision-memorizing student to an insightful contributor in legal thought. Therefore, the subject of jurisprudence is not only crucial for academic achievement but also for the development of ethical, thoughtful, and creative legal experts. Overall, jurisprudence provides law students with the philosophical foundation they need to grasp the nature and goal of law. It enriches legal thought, encourages critical reasoning, and evokes a devotion to justice. For promising lawyer, judge, or scholar, jurisprudence is more than a course of study it is the building block of legal knowledge and a map to virtue-based practice in a constantly changing legal environment.

—–

The writer is an undergraduate student in Law and can be reached at faizanmohla@gmail.com

April 24, 2025
Kashmir – A Legal Battle

Dr Shoaib Baloch

Kashmir is a legal contest between Pakistan and India. The revocation of ArticleS 370 and 35A of the Indian Constitution by the BJP government on 5 August 2019 to bifurcate and absorb the disputed territory into the Indian state has legal consequences.

This unilateral action of the Indian government is in contravention of international law, bilateral treaties and the UN Security Council resolutions that bar the parties from bringing about any material change in the situation.
India always attempts to portray the Kashmir issue as an internal affair; however, the UNSC resolutions on the disputed territory, India’s pledges during conditional accession of Jammu and Kashmir and bilateral treaties between India and Pakistan clearly provide legal evidences that the state of Jammu and Kashmir is an international issue which is disputed between the two countries.

A unilateral action by either India or Pakistan would amount to a violation of the fundamental principles of international law. The UNSC resolution 47, which was adopted on 21 April 1948, obliges Pakistan and India to prepare grounds for plebiscite. It states that the question of accession of Jammu and Kashmir should be decided “through the democratic method of a free and impartial plebiscite.” It also endorses the Kashmiris’ legitimate right to self-determination. Unfortunately, they have been denied self-determination, and Kashmir has remained a victim of geopolitics.

Therefore, Pakistan must propagate the Kashmir cause on the basis of international law. Global human rights organizations should be apprised of India’s inhumane treatment of people in Kashmir. Self-determination is an inalienable right of Kashmiris and it becomes the responsibility of the world community and international organizations, which promise to uphold the norms of international law, to help Kashmiris in realizing their right to self-determination by pressurizing India to reverse its unilateral action of abrogating the autonomous status of Kashmir and to cease its blatant human rights violation in the Valley. In fact, the role of great powers occupies a key position in resolving the Kashmir issue

In addition to this, India’s first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru stated in a telegram, which was sent to Pakistan’s first Prime Minister Liaqat Ali Khan, on 30 October 1947, that “[o]ur assurance that we shall… leave the decision of the state to the people of the state is not merely a pledge to your government but also to the people of Kashmir and to the world.” Similarly, in the Simla Agreement on 2 July, 1972, India and Pakistan mutually agreed that “[n]either side shall seek to alter it [The Line of Control] unilaterally, irrespective of mutual differences and legal interpretation.” In this way, these are some sufficient legal instruments which negate India’s position altogether that the Indian-Held Kashmir is its internal affair.

After rescinding the autonomous status of Kashmir, the Indian government has deployed almost one million troops in the valley, thereby making it one of the most militarized zones in the world. Indian troops continue to commit “naked aggression” in the Valley, and fundamental rights of Kashmiris have been grossly abused. Arbitrary detention of the youth; blackout of media; restriction on rights to freedom of opinion and expression, liberty and security, mobility, and privacy; access to justice; and alleged sexual assault are some incontrovertible evidences of systematic violation of fundamental norms of international law.

Victoria Schofield’s poignant observation in the book Kashmir in Conflict aptly captures the paradoxical essence of the Kashmir Valley. She writes that “the beauty and tranquility of the valley was almost tangible but it hides an inner pain.” This dichotomy between the Valley’s breathtaking beauty and the underlying anguish of its people has been a recurring theme in the region’s turbulent history. The Indian aggression in the Valley has transformed this inner pain into a palpable reality, leaving an indelible mark on the lives of Kashmiris.

Moreover, Anurudha Bhasin’s book A Dismantled State: The Untold Story of Kashmir After Article 370 provides a vivid testimony to the brutal mechanisms of control employed by the Indian state. It states that the “apparatus of terror and control— operated in the form of night raids, arbitrary arrests, detentions, torture and alleged sexual assault— continued for days. ” Consequently, it is perpetuating a culture of fear and impunity. These egregious human rights abuses have continued unabated, leaving Kashmiris to suffer in silence. Bhasin’s book serves as a powerful indictment of the Indian government’s actions, highlighting the imperative need for accountability and justice in the region.

The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), which was adopted in 1966, is an international human rights treaty. India is signatory to the ICCPR, which enables people to enjoy a wide range of human rights such as “freedom from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; fair trial rights; freedom of thought, religion and expression; privacy, home and family life; and equality and non-discrimination.”
Lamentably, the Modi government’s actions in the valley have been in violation of all these fundamental rights. India’s attempt to bring about demographic change in Kashmir and assault on Kashmir identity are in contravention of international law, the UN Charter, the UNSC resolutions for holding an impartial plebiscite in the Valley, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Fourth Geneva Convention, which is a customary international law, that bars parties from depriving people of their fundamental rights, especially in conflict zones. The ongoing situation in Indian-Held Kashmir is a stark example of India’s blatant disregard for International Humanitarian Law, where the people are subjected to systematic oppression, deprivation of life and liberty, and blatant human rights abuses.

By attempting to portray the Kashmir issue as an internal matter, India is infringing upon the fundamental right of the Kashmiri people to self-determination, a principle enshrined in the UN Charter and various international human rights instruments. Public outrage underscores the growing collective consciousness among Kashmiris for both internal and external self-determination from India, highlighting the need for a peaceful and lasting resolution to this longstanding dispute.

There are multiple international law instruments, both binding and non-binding in nature, which clearly put India under an obligation to allow the people of Kashmir to exercise their fundamental right of self-determination. It has been recognized as a right in the UN Charter, the UNSC resolutions on Kashmir, the Declaration of Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation Among States, the Helsinki Final Act, and the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action. Similarly, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) has also pronounced through advisory opinions in cases, like Namibia, Israel Wall, Chagos Archipelago and East Timor, which provide legal sanctity that right to self-determination is universal jus cogens and ergaomnes obligations.

Therefore, Pakistan must propagate the Kashmir cause on the basis of international law. Global human rights organizations should be apprised of India’s inhumane treatment of people in Kashmir. Self-determination is an inalienable right of Kashmiris and it becomes the responsibility of the world community and international organizations, which promise to uphold the norms of international law, to help Kashmiris in realizing their right to self-determination by pressurizing India to reverse its unilateral action of abrogating the autonomous status of Kashmir and to cease its blatant human rights violation in the Valley. In fact, the role of great powers occupies a key position in resolving the Kashmir issue.

–The writer is a strategic affairs and foreign policy analyst

March 30, 2025
Cryptocurrency Legalization: Potential Impact on Pakistan’s GDP

Advocate Samer Javed

Knowing the crucial fiscal difficulties facing the nation, Pakistan has been desperately searching for ways to stabilize its financial situation, and legalizing cryptocurrencies is a possible approach that has attracted increasing scrutiny.

Pakistan’s financial system profited from cryptocurrencies in 2021, and enthusiasts like WaqarZaka have been pushing for its legalization. But can it really make a difference? As per World Bank figures, Pakistan’s GDP was going to reach $338.37 billion in 2023, or 0.32% of the world’s total GDP. Regardless of this significant contribution, the country’s economic advancement has been hindered by a number of problems, such as inflation, unemployment, and poverty as a whole.

Mastering cryptocurrency could help with some of these concerns through boosting remittances, generating jobs, bringing in foreign investment, and fostering financial inclusion. The potential of crypto currency to solidify their economics has already been acknowledged by prosperous countries. These countries have opened up new avenues for investments, innovation, and creation of employment by allowing and regulating cryptocurrencies. In addition to promoting investment, effective LEGISLATION would safeguard customers and halt fraud.

However, the enduring appeal of cryptocurrencies in Pakistan has been hampered by worries about fraud and security threats. The government may reduce these dangers by imposing strict legislation that guarantees cryptocurrency transactions are safe, open, and in accordance with combating money laundering and anti-terrorism financing regulations. Furthermore, transparent tax laws can guarantee that cryptocurrencies generate income for Pakistan.

In Pakistan, there is skepticism about cryptocurrencies due to unclear laws and regulations. By forbidding banks and other financial institutions from offering cryptocurrency-related services, the State Bank of Pakistan’s 2018 circular essentially pushed the sector into a gray area. Pakistan needs legislators who are tech-savvy and know how to enact prudent laws and taxes if it wants to fully harness the potential of cryptocurrencies.

Innovative solutions are essential to Pakistan’s economic stability, and regulating cryptocurrencies might revolutionize the country. Pakistan can open up new avenues for financial inclusion, job creation, and economic progress by adopting this technology. It is imperative that legislators acknowledge the possible advantages and resolve issues with sensible legislation.

To sum up, legalizing cryptocurrencies might increase Pakistan’s GDP, solve its economic problems, and open up new avenues for growth. Pakistan may leverage the potential of cryptocurrencies to promote stability and growth by taking inspiration from developed nations and tailoring them to its own needs.

—–

The writer can be reached at samerjavedrawalgujjar@gmail.com

March 3, 2025
Brevity is the Soul of Wit

William Shakespeare, in his timeless play “Hamlet,” declared that “brevity is the soul of wit.” This seemingly simple statement encapsulates a profound truth about effective communication. In a world inundated with information, mastering the art of brevity becomes essential.

The Essence of Brevity: At its core, brevity refers to the quality of expressing oneself in a concise and precise manner. It involves distilling complex ideas into succinct statements without sacrificing clarity. In the realm of wit, the ability to convey humor or insight in a few well-chosen words is highly prized. Shakespeare’s assertion implies that true intelligence lies not in verbosity, but in the ability to convey meaning effectively within a limited space.

Brevity in Written Communication: In the written word, brevity is a powerful tool. Whether crafting an email, essay, or any form of written communication, the ability to convey ideas concisely captures the reader’s attention and respects their time. Writers who embrace brevity engage readers more effectively, avoiding unnecessary embellishments and ensuring a direct connection with the audience. This approach is particularly relevant in an era where attention spans are constantly challenged by a barrage of information.

“In the written word, brevity is a powerful tool. Whether crafting an email, essay, or any form of written communication, the ability to convey ideas concisely captures the reader’s attention and respects their time”

The Challenge of Brevity: While brevity is revered, achieving it is not without challenges. Communicators often grapple with the dilemma of how much information to include and what to omit. Striking the right balance between brevity and completeness is an art that requires practice and skill. The fear of being misunderstood can lead to verbosity, but the true master of communication knows that clarity can be achieved without sacrificing brevity.

Brevity in Oral Communication: Oral communication presents its own set of challenges when it comes to brevity. Public speakers, presenters, and conversationalists must navigate the delicate balance between providing sufficient information and holding their audience’s attention. The most memorable speeches and conversations often involve succinct and impactful statements that resonate with listeners. Brevity in speech is not about saying less; it’s about saying more with fewer words.

Impact on Comprehension: Brevity enhances comprehension by eliminating superfluous details and focusing on the core message. In a world where information overload is a constant threat, concise communication stands out and is more likely to be absorbed and retained. Whether in academic writing, professional communication, or everyday conversation, the ability to distill information to its essentials ensures that the intended message is not lost in a sea of words.

“Brevity in speech is not about saying less; it’s about saying more with fewer words.”

The Role of Technology: In the digital age, technology plays a dual role in the pursuit of brevity. On one hand, character limits on platforms like Twitter force users to condense their thoughts into short, impactful messages. On the other hand, the ease of information sharing has led to an abundance of content, making brevity even more crucial. Embracing the constraints of technology while harnessing its potential for widespread communication is a delicate dance.

Brevity and Creativity: Contrary to the misconception that brevity stifles creativity, it often serves as a catalyst for innovation. The constraints imposed by brevity compel communicators to think critically about their message and find novel ways to express complex ideas concisely. In the world of advertising, where brevity is a necessity, creativity flourishes as marketers strive to capture attention and convey their message in a matter of seconds.

“Brevity is not a mere stylistic choice; it is a strategic approach to conveying meaning in a world that values information but is easily overwhelmed by its volume”

In conclusion, Shakespeare’s timeless wisdom on brevity resonates across centuries, emphasizing the enduring importance of concise communication. Brevity is not a mere stylistic choice; it is a strategic approach to conveying meaning in a world that values information but is easily overwhelmed by its volume.

From written communication to oral discourse, brevity enhances comprehension, captivates audiences, and fosters creativity. As we navigate an ever-evolving landscape of communication, the adage “brevity is the soul of wit” remains a guiding principle for those seeking to master the art of expression.

—

Courtesy of Medium

February 15, 2025
Procrastinating the Procrastination

Shanza Shadab

What if procrastination is just not a habit, but rather an indicator of potential covert psychological problems? Procrastination is putting off tasks. Focusing on non-essential activities by ignoring the urgency is also a form of procrastination. It whispers ‘later’ in your ears until time runs out and regret sets in.

A student who has upcoming exams but puts off studying until the eve of the paper is a prime example. We can procrastinate the procrastination. Now the question is how to overcome or delay the urge to delay by taking control instead. By taking into account the psychological perspective, we came across several reasons to procrastinate. Exploration of such factors will help us to delay the delay.

.Expectancy theory explains lack of motivation, lower success and reward expectations may lead to procrastination. As we experience, positive reinforcement and reward increases the chances of an event occurring. If a child is not appreciated for his good behaviour, such as cleaning his room, he will delay cleaning the untidy room or often will not do it.

“If you are procrastinating, find the reason behind it. Pay attention to your emotions, because they are the true indicators of your soul’s need – we need to address these personal feelings to avoid delaying in what we can achieve now”

According to Self efficacy concept, fear of failure and not meeting expectations may lead to delaying off tasks. For example, a position holder student who was unable to clear an entry test will fear and delay other exams or initiatives because many people around make him feel lower for not clearing the exam. He labelled himself as people say and often gets bothered and unsatisfied with what he is doing. So, he often delays the assigned work due to meaninglessness.

Arousal theory explains researchers found that overwhelmingly or unpleasant tasks may lead to task aversion. A child, who finds his summer vacation work a burden and mental fatigue, always delays starting the work. Here, the task overload causes delay in taking the first step. People often procrastinate using it as a coping or defence mechanism to avoid temporary stress or anxiety. An employee who delays making his presentation to avoid the stress of research and data collection is procrastinating.

In “Goal setting theory”, it is explained that ambiguous or unclear paths may lead to the delaying initial steps. Someone wants to learn a new skill but doesn’t know what and how to learn. Here thinking what one should learn and what resources should be used will delay the process of learning.

There can be several reasons in addition to these potential factors. Bad past experiences, regrets, lack of intrinsic motivation, disturbed mental health and laziness can lead to putting off vital tasks. Relating this concept to developmental psychology we can better understand the coping strategies.

Developmental psychology explains that procrastination can be a learned process. Our children learn from environment and situation around them. If their habit of procrastination is detected in early age we can help them to overcome it. Consider a 3-year-oldgirl who notices her older brother delaying his assignments. She also puts off her work and begins to play with toys or engages in other unwanted activities. Her mother realizes that she is procrastinating. When her mother inquires her about homework she says ‘I will do it later, like mybrother, because there is a lot of time to submit it’.

Now it’s mother’s turn to take appropriate action so that it may not become her permanent habit. What mother can do at that time? Her mother should talk to the girl and her older brother nicely about it. Limiting the distractions, dividing the task into smaller chunks, leading them with example, praising each step of the process and rewarding her at task completion. This will enable the girl to stay focused on work within given time period.

Counselling Psychology also provides insights and guidance to resolve this issue .Counselling Psychology describes discussing the underlying emotional state and issues as essential .It describes the self-compassion as a key component. Be kind and gentle to yourself regarding past mistakes or not meeting other expectations. Self-awareness, clear goal setting, recognising the emotional triggers like fear and anxiety that avoids you from taking step, positive self-talk will enable to overcome the the phenomena.

In a nutshell, the urgency of time is to help oneself and people struggling with such situations. If our children, siblings, friends or anybody around us is procrastinating, then it’s a point to be pondered. There is a need to talk about what we or othersfeel. It’s necessary to unravel the mystery of others’ acts of procrastination. If you are procrastinating, find the reason behind it.

Pay attention to your emotions, because they are the true indicators of your soul’s need. If we procrastinate and get angry at just by seeing at that work it means we have a hidden. The fear may be of not meeting expectations or not achievingsuccess. These are the subjective experiences .We need to address these personal feelings to avoid delaying in what we can achieve now!

—

The writer is an undergraduate student in Psychology and can be reached at shanzashadab@yahoo.com

February 15, 2025
Judiciary – An Apologia

Shahab Usto

Our constitutional journey is no different from our political odyssey, except that the former is recorded more in the annals of betrayals, compromises, and transgressions, and the latter as tales of tragedies, perfidies, and failures.

No wonder, the greatest national irony continues to rest in the never-ending zero sum game that is played by institutional leaderships to undermine each other in their quest to consolidate personal, partisan, and institutional power and authority, and, thus, keep the politico-constitutional order fragile and in a state of flux. The asymmetry recently imposed upon the judiciary by an overbearing executive in the name of parliamentary supremacy is only the latest episode in the saga of the power game that goes on unabated at the cost of citizens’ democratic rights and liberties.

Interestingly, there is a pervasive view that the judiciary is responsible for the tragic fate that has befallen it. It locates the judiciary’s ‘comeuppance’ in its three ‘original sins’ – inefficiency, disunity, and overreach. Though it is difficult to debunk these allegations given the empirical evidence substantiating most of them, it is important to understand why the judiciary is what it is and has been for so many decades.

Inefficiency: a large body of statistical evidence – the number, duration, and cost of litigation – gives much credence to this damning view. A related question as to why the judiciary has not reformed itself by at least overhauling its procedural laws and case management to expedite and economise the processes, is also valid. But it must also be reckoned that legal or judicial reforms cannot be effected administratively or by tweaking procedures alone.

It requires a new vision and an all-embracing institutional effort to rehash the entire legal system forged on a robust constitutional democracy. But the requisite vision and the commitment to rehauling the system are missing due to various reasons, including powerful interests which are invested in, and benefiting from, the existing corroded legal machinery.

No wonder, there has been only a selective rewriting of the laws. For instance, the recent ‘reforms’ in the accountability, anti-terrorism, and regulatory laws were hastily enacted to serve powerful interests: politicians, bureaucrats and the security establishment. Hence, there is no independent forum to hold political and public-office holders accountable for their culpabilities, nor are there any checks on the actions of the security and intelligence agencies. There is a strong view that the judiciary is responsible for the tragic fate that has befallen it.

Disunity: It isn’t wrong to suggest that the judiciary — presently and previously — has remained a house ‘divided against itself’. Most of its senior leadership has failed to instil a sense of collegiality or institutional consensus on critical constitutional questions. And its internal ‘disarray’ and jurisprudential dissonance have largely incited extraneous elements to intrude into, if not control, its space — literally and metaphorically.

But then, which judiciary has not seen such trying times in its formative phases? Haven’t the oldest constitutional democracies — the English and American — faced internal division driven by institutional conflict, personal belief and ambition? Closer to home, hasn’t the Indian judiciary shown subjective weaknesses and jurisprudential anomalies to appease governments?

As a matter of fact, historically only a few bold and selfless jurists have held the fort. In that respect, we are no less lucky to have a few judges who have stood against dictators — military and civilian — in defence of the Constitution and democracy, regardless of whether they succeeded or not. Paradoxically, in many instances, internal dissension has proven helpful in containing an ambitious chief justice from misusing his powers or influencing the fate of a critical matter by forming benches of ‘like-minded’ judges.

So, let’s not appraise the judiciary in terms of the unity of thought or closeness of ranks. What is needed is to protect it from the external hands — visible and invisible — which are fatal to its credibility and image.

Overreach: Admittedly, our constitutional annals are tainted with varying spells of ‘judicial activism’. Judges have at times shown a tendency to overreach, administratively and judicially. No wonder ‘overreach’ is being cited as the prime reason for bringing in the 26th Amendment to defang and divide the judiciary. But the popular concept of ‘overreach’ is misplaced.
Judicial overreach is not reflected simply in the narcissistic or overzealous desire of a chief justice to give himself a larger-than-life role in the polity, or more specifically, in dictating bureaucrats, summoning prime ministers, or freezing the government machinery. Such overreach may be harmful, but is transitional. The more lethal and lasting kind is demonstrated by some weak or ambitious judges when they allow themselves to be prodded (read: dictated) by extraneous forces – civil and military. It is this brand of ‘overreach’ that has come in handy for the powers that be to dismiss elected governments, justify takeovers, crucify politicians, and, above all, undermine the Constitution.
Judicial overreach is, thus, not merely a subjective aberration limited to judges.

It is a symptom of a deeper politico-constitutional malaise, which is rooted in the collective failure of our political and judicial leadership to save constitutional democracy, and thereby each other, from the recurrent onslaughts of undemocratic forces. Nor is this overreach essentially judicial. It is multilateral. Other institutions too have overstepped their bounds, if not smothered the judiciary, whether of their own accord or in collusion with the security establishment. And the resulting uneven spread of institutional power has invariably brought the judiciary to face critical dilemmas: how to enforce the foundational principle of the constitutional law – ‘equality before the law’ – in dealing with powerful forces, political and/or institutional?
And how to abide by the oath to ‘preserve, protect and defend the Constitution’ that itself is rigged against the basic requisites of parliamentary democracy, ie, the separation of power, and judicial independence?
Sadly, the judiciary yet again faces these primordial dilemmas when the constitutional balance has been drastically tilted against it. And it stands deplorably bereft of its natural allies – a democratic government and parliament. A besieged judiciary has historically relied only on its moral authority. This raises the key question: would it?

—-
The writer is a lawyer. shahabusto@hotmail.com

—-

Views expressed in this Op-ed and following reader comments do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the TLTP.

February 12, 2025
Pakistan in Our Image

Talat Masood

It seems our political leadership fails to realise the significance of adhering to the universally accepted norms of conduct in a democratically governed country. It is hardly of one mind on major issues.

Criticising each other on relevant official matters in public or in the parliament where opinions and policies differ is in order, but leadership must refrain from personal attacks unless these undermine national values and degrade their collective image.

Furthermore, there is lack of realisation in the corridors of power that violating the dictates of the Constitution is undermining the system and weakening the country. Political leadership’s weak commitment to democratic values and the establishment’s involvement in politics through several coups and prolonged military rule that the country experienced have distorted the governance system with serious consequences on its overall efficiency and the socio-economic condition of the people. It is surprising that even in hindsight, there are no indications of course correction. The question arises: why is it that we do not seem to learn?

The economy too is no better. It is moving at a sluggish pace and there is need for a serious commitment to accelerate its rate of growth in line with the country’s potential. It is not comparable with neighbouring countries in South Asia and is far behind India in particular. According to the Asian Development Bank (ADB), Pakistan’s GDP growth rate in fiscal year 2024-25 is expected to be 2.4%. The ADB also indicated that Pakistan’s inflation rate in 2024 was 23.4%, placing a great burden on teeming millions.

These figures reaffirm Pakistan’s prolonged dependence on IMF and assistance from oil rich kingdoms which does not augur well. It is also doubtful if the Finance Minister’s detailed roadmap for reducing country’s dependence and reaching high income status in the foreseeable future will be realised. The government will have to intensify its efforts to face up to the challenge and develop a viable economy. At present, it is primarily engaged in routine issues and economic challenges and governance concerns have taken a secondary position. It is important for the government to focus on enhancing the quality of education and create a broad infrastructure wherein people could acquire contemporary skills and capabilities. So far, we do not see any serious effort in this direction.

The political situation is no better. With Imran Khan facing a harsh prison sentenced of 14 years in solitary confinement amid an intense pressure on his party, the opposition remains strangulated with serious consequences on democratic culture and country’s values. These shortcomings need to be addressed seriously if Pakistan were to reclaim its standing in the comity of nations.

There is not sufficient realisation that the countries that respect human rights and conform to the rule of law draw respect and improve their standing in the comity of nations. Whereas flouting these basic norms does damage the country’s image and standing. And above all what cannot be ignored is that people suffer as a consequence by not getting a fair deal. At times in Pakistan like in other countries, people often choose a government that is not necessarily of one’s liking, but this has to be accepted gracefully. For the essence of democracy is the pluralistic nature of political institutions. And if there are distortions in the election process, these have to be corrected. Denying PTI or any other party their rightful share in the parliament is a serious departure from democratic norms and is not in the interest of the country.

Corruption is another factor that distorts democracy. This aspect is very relevant in developing countries, including ours. Some candidates who are influential and are rich spend money beyond what is legally permissible, in a clandestine way, to influence people to vote in their favour. Much, however, depends on how the people react to it and the Election Commission ensures the fairness of the election process.

There has to be a serious effort by provincial and federal governments to improve the economic and security situation particularly in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan close to the Afghan border. With the Afghan Taliban leadership somewhat lax in handling TTP and other militant groups, the security situation has deteriorated.

Managing the country’s affairs, especially its economy and security, requires an acute sensitivity on the part of the leadership to the plight of the people. It also demands of the leadership to priorities correctly while dealing with multiple challenges.

A more cooperative approach with Afghanistan would go a long way in reducing threats and opening opportunities of enhanced trade and movement of people on the western border. Efforts in this direction are there but Afghanistan’s response has not been encouraging, although it is in as much in their interest as ours to improve the security situation.

There is also not sufficient realisation among the Pakistani power elite of how the disturbed security situation is adversely affecting political stability and aggravating the economic deprivation of people in border areas. It is also preventing them from fully participating in the democratic process.

These multiple challenges demand a holistic and sustained effort on the part of government to address these weaknesses. Moreover, it is important to realise that the economy of the leading powers – the United States, Western Europe, China and Russia – is largely derived from their advanced position in science and engineering. It is this lead that has opened new opportunities in several fields especially in medicine, integrated circuits and space. Pakistan’s capabilities in space and nuclear technology are commendable but there is need to focus on other critical areas as well.

As of now, we are lagging behind in most of the critical areas – be it education, politics or economy. In order to address these multiple challenges and make the most of the opportunities arising out of developments in critical fields, it is imperative for us to work seriously towards a political consensus to ensure that we as a nation succeed.

—-

The writer is a retired lieutenant general of the Pakistan Army and a former federal secretary. He has also served as chairman of the Pakistan Ordnance Factories Board

January 29, 2025

Open chat

1

Hello
Can we help you?